ἐς βραχὺ τὴν ἀρχήν

ἄγω [pron. full] [ᾰ], [tense] impf. ἦγον, [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion.

A

ἄγεσκον Hdt.1.148

, A.R.1.849: [tense] fut.

ἄξω Il.1.139

, etc.: thematic [tense] aor. imper.

ἄξετε Il.3.105

, inf. ἀξέμεναι, -έμεν, Il.23.50, 111: [tense] aor. 2

ἤγαγον Il.6.291

, etc., opt.

ἀγαγοίην Sapph.159

: [tense] aor. 1 ἦξα rare,

ἦζε Tim.Pers. 165

, part.

ἄξας Batr. 119

, inf.

ἄξαι Antipho 5.46

: [tense] pf.

ἦχα SIG1

(Abu Simbel, vii/ vi B. C.), Plb.3.111.3, ([etym.] προ-) D.19.18, ([etym.] συν-) X.Mem.4.2.8;

ἀγήγοχα OGI219.15

(Sigeum, iii B.C.), etc., [dialect] Dor.

συν-αγάγοχα Test.Epict.3.12

;

ἀγήοχα LXX To.12.3

, J.BJ1.30.1, Alex.Fig.1.11, etc. (also in compds., ([etym.] εἰσ-) Ps.-Philipp. ap. D.18.39, ([etym.] κατ-) Decr.ib.73);

ἀγείοχα PTeb.5.193

(ii B. C.), etc.; ἀγέωχα ([etym.] δι-) CIG4897d (Philae, i B. C.), PTeb.5.198 (ii B. C.), etc.: [tense] plpf.

ἀγηόχει Plb.30.4.17

:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut.

ἄξομαι Hom.

, Hdt., Trag.: them. [tense] aor. 1

ἄξοντο Il.8.545

, imper. ἄζεσθε ib. 505: also ἀξάμην ([etym.] ἐσ-) Hdt.5.34, ([etym.] προεσ-) 1.190, 8.20: [tense] aor.2

ἠγαγόμην Hom.

, etc., [ per.] 2sg.

ἀγάγαο GDI5088.8

(Cret.):—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

ἀχθήσομαι Pl.Hp.Ma. 292a

, ([etym.] προσ-) Th.4.87, etc.; ἄξομαι in pass. sense, A.Ag. 1632, Pl.R. 458d, ([etym.] προσ-) Th.4.115, etc.: [tense] aor. 1

ἤχθην X.An.6.3.10

, [dialect] Ion.

ἄχθην Hdt.6.30

, part.

ἀχθείς Hippon. 9

: [tense] pf. ἦγμαι Hdt 2.158, D.13.15; also in med. sense, v. infr. B.2.

I lead, carry, fetch, bring, of living creatures, φέρω being used of things,

δῶκε δ' ἄγειν ἑτάροισι.. γυναῖκα, καὶ τρίποδα.. φέρειν Il.23.512

; βοῦν δ' ἀγέτην κεράων by the horns, Od.3.439; ἄ. εἰς or πρὸς τόπον, poet. also c. acc. loci, νόστοι δ' ἐκ πολέμων ἀπόνους (sc. ἄνδρας)

.. ἆγον οἴκους A.Pers. 863

(lyr.);

Ἅιδας.. ἄγει τὰν Ἀχέροντος ἀκτάν S.Ant. 811

(lyr.);

ἄ. τινά τινι Od.14.386

;

ἵππους ὑφ' ἅρματ' ἄ. 3.476

, cf. A.Pr. 465.

b part. ἄγων taking,

στῆσε δ' ἄγων Il.2.558

, cf. Od.1.130, S.OC 1342, etc.

2 take with one,

ἑταίρους Od.10.405

, cf. S.OC 832, etc.; τι Il.15.531, Hdt.1.70; of a wife, A.Pr. 559 (lyr.) (more usu. [voice] Med., q.v.).

3 carry off as captives or booty, Il.1.367,9.594, A. Th. 340, etc.;

ἄχθη ἀγόμενος παρὰ βασιλέα Hdt.6.30

; ἀγόμενος, i.e. δοῦλος, Archil.155, cf. E.Tr. 140, Pl.Lg. 914e; Δίκην ἄγειν to lead Justice forcibly away, Hes.Op. 220;

ἡ ἐπιθυμία ἄγει Arist.EN 1147a34

; of a fowler,

φῦλον ὀρνίθων ἀμφιβαλὼν ἄγει S.Ant. 343

: esp. in phrase ἄ. καὶ φέρειν harry, ravage a country, first in Il.5.484 οἷόν κ' ἠὲ φέροιεν Ἀχαιοὶ ἤ κεν ἄγοιεν, cf. 23.512 sq.; freq. in Hdt. and [dialect] Att. Prose:—in [voice] Pass.,

ἀγόμεθα, φερόμεθα E.Tr. 1310

, cf. Ar.Nu. 241: more rarely reversed,

φέρουσί τε καὶ ἄγουσι Hdt. 1.88

;

ἔφερε καὶ ἦγε πάντας Id.3.39

: c. acc. loci,

φέρων καὶ ἄγων τὴν Βιθυνίδα X.HG3.2.2

;

ἦγον καὶ ἔκαον τὴν B.

ib.5; ἄ. alone, ravage, IG9(1).333 ([dialect] Locr., v B. C.): —but φέρειν καὶ ἄγειν sts. means simply bear and carry, bring together, Pl.Phdr. 279c; τὴν ποίησιν φέρειν τε καὶ ἄγειν, i.e. bring it into the state, Id.Lg. 817a, cf. X.Cyr.3.3.2.

4 ἄ. εἰς δίκην or δικαστήριον, ἐπὶ τοὺς δικαστάς to carry one before a court of justice, freq. in [dialect] Att.,

πρὸς τὴν δίκην ἄ. E.Fr. 1049

;

ὑπ' ἐπίγνωσιν ἀχθῆναι PTeb.28.11

(ii B. C.); simply

ἄγειν Pl.Grg. 527a

, etc.;

ἐπὶ θανάτῳ ἄ. X.An.1.6.10

, etc.:—[voice] Pass.,

ἐπὶ βασιλεῖς ἀχθήσεσθε Ev.Matt.10.18

, cf. PTeb.331.16 (ii A.D.);

φόνου ἄγεσθαι Plu.2.309e

.

b [voice] Pass., to be confiscated, τὰ κτήνη ἀχθήσεται πρὸς τὰ ἐκφόρια (to meet the rent) PTeb.27.75 (ii B. C.).

5 of ships, carry as cargo, import, [ οἶνον]

νῆες ἄγουσι Il.9.72

, etc.; ἵνα οἱ σὺν φόρτον ἄγοιμι (i.e. σύν οἱ) Od.14.296.

6 draw on, bring on,

πῆμα τόδ' ἤγαγον Οὐρανίωνες Il.24.547

;

Ἰλίω φθοράν A.Ag. 406

(lyr.);

τερμίαν ἁμέραν S.Ant. 1330

(lyr.);

ὕπνον Id.Ph. 638

;

χαράν E.Fr. 174

;

δάκρυ Id.Alc. 1081

.

7 bear up,

φελλοὶ δ' ὥς. ἄγουσι δίκτυον A.Ch. 506

.

8 carry far and wide, spread abroad,

κλέος Od.5.311

.

9 Medic., remove,

φλέγμα Hp. Nat.Hom.6

, cf. Aph.4.2;

ἕλμινθα Dsc.1.16

.

II lead towards a point, lead on,

τὸν δ' ἄγε μοῖρα κακὴ θανάτοιο τέλοσδε Il.13.602

;

κῆρες ἄγον θανάτοιο 2.834

;

οἷ μ' ἀτιμίας ἄγεις S.El. 1035

: also c. inf., ἄγει θανεῖν leads to death, E.Hec.43: c. acc. cogn.,

ἄγομαι τάνδ' ἑτοίμαν ὁδόν S.Ant. 877

(lyr.); ὁδὸς ἄγει the road leads, Heraclit.71, S.OT 734, Tab.Heracl.1.16, etc.: metaph., tend,

ἐπὶ τὸ ἄκρον Pl.Lg. 701e

.

2 lead, guide, esp. in war,

λαόν Il.10.79

; ἄ. στρατιάν, ναῦς, etc., Th.7.12, 8.59, etc., cf. X.An.4.8.12; henceabs., march,

θᾶσσον ὁ Νικίας ἦγε Th.7.81

, cf. X.HG4.2.19, etc.: simply, go,

ἄγωμεν Ev.Marc. 1.38

; of the gods, etc., guide, Pi., Hdt., etc.;

ἐπ' ἀρετήν E.Fr. 672

;

διὰ πόνων ἄγειν τινά Id.IT 988

.

3 manage,

νόῳ πλοῦτον Pi.P.6.47

;

πολιτείαν Th.1.127

; τὴν σοφίαν conduct philosophical inquiry, Pl.Tht. 172b; of reasoning,

ἀγαγεῖν τοὺς λόγους Arist.APr. 47a21

; εἰς τὸ ἀδύνατον ἄ. ib. 27a15 (v.l. ἀπάγοντας):—[voice] Pass., to be led, guided,

λογισμῷ Pl.R. 431c

;

ἡγούμενος τῶν ἡδονῶν ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀγόμενος ὑπ' αὐτῶν Isoc. 9.45

.

4 refer, attribute,

τι εἰς ἐθελοκάκησιν Plb. 27.15.13

;

τι ἐς Διόνυσον Luc.Syr.D.33

.

5 bring up, train, educate,

ἀγόμενοις ὀρθῶς Pl.Lg. 782d

;

ἤχθη τὴν λεγομένην ἀγωγήν Plu.Ages.1

; of animals, train, X.Mem.4.1.3.

6 reduce,

ἐς βραχὺ τὴν ἀρχήν Hp. VM1

;

ἐς τὸ ἥμισυ Id.Mul.1.78

; of propositions,

εἰς ῥᾳδιξστέραν κατασκευήν Papp.1076.6

.

III draw out in length, τεῖχος ἄ. to draw a line of wall, Th.6.99;

μέλαθρον εἰς ὀρόφους AP9.649

(Maced.);

ὄγμον ἄ. Theoc.10.2

; ἄ. γραμμάς to draw lines, Arist.Top. 101a16; ἤχθωσαν κάθετοι let perpendiculars be drawn, Mete. 373a11; ἄ. ἐπίπεδον describe a plane, Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.7, etc.:—[voice] Pass.,

ἦκται ἡ διῶρυξ Hdt.2.158

, cf. Th.6.100; κόλπου ἀγομένου τῆς γῆς, i.e. when the land forms a bight, Hdt.4.99.

IV hold, celebrate, Ἀπατούρια, ὁρτήν, Hdt. 1.147, 183 (more usu. ἀνάγειν); freq. in [dialect] Att.,

ἄ. ἀγῶνα IG1.53.33

;

θυσίαν, θεωρίαν Isoc.19.10

;

κρεουργὸν ἦμαρ εὐθύμως ἄγειν A.Ag. 1592

;

γάμους Men.Sam. 336

, cf. LXX To.11.19 ([voice] Pass.);

ἐκκλησίαν Plu.Aem.30

:—[voice] Pass.,

ἀγοραῖοι ἄγονται Act.Ap.19.38

.

2 keep, observe a date,

ἄ. τὴν ἡμέραν ταύτην πάντα τὸν χρόνον Th.5.54

, cf. Men.521;

κατὰ σελήνην τὰς ἡμέρας Ar.Nu. 626

; reckon,

τοὺς ἐνιαυτοὺς καθ' ἥλιον Gem.8.6

.

3 keep, observe,

ὀρθὰν ἄγεις ἐφημοσύναν Pi.P. 6.20

;

σπονδὰς ἄ. πρός τινας Th.6.7

;

εἰρήνην Pl.R. 465b

, etc.: c. acc., as periphr. for a neut. Verb, σχολὴν ἄγειν, = σχολάζειν, E.Med. 1238, Pl.R. 376d; ἡσυχίαν ἄ., = ἡσυχάξειν, X.An.3.1.14;

ἄ. ἀπαστίαν Ar. Nu. 621

; κρύψιν ἄ., of stars betw. setting and rising, Autol.2.9; keep up, sustain, maintain,

νεῖκος Pi.P.9.31

; γέλωτ' ἄγειν to keep laughing, S.Aj. 382;

ἄ. κτύπον E.Or. 182

(lyr.); with predicate, maintain,

ἐλευθέραν ἦγε τὴν Ἑλλάδα D.9.36

.

4 of Time, pass,

ἀπήμαντον ἄγων βίοτον Pi.O.8.87

; ποίας ἡμέρας δοκεῖς μ' ἄγειν; S.El. 266;

ὁ βίος οὑμὸς ἑσπέραν ἄγει Alex.228

, cf. ὥραν ἄγειν to be ripe,

τῆς γαστρὸς ὥραν ἀγούσης Philostr.VA2.14

; ὥραν ἦγε θανάτου Chor.p.38B.;

τῆς ἡλικίας ἄγον τὸ ἄνθος Id.p.53

B.;

τέταρτον ἔτος ἄγων καὶ τριακοστόν Gal.Lib. Propr.1

.

5 of beliefs, hold,

αἵρεσιν Plb.27.15.14

.

V hold account, treat,

ἄ. ἀρετὰν οὐκ αἴσχιον φυᾶς Pi.I.7(6).22

; ἐν τιμῇ ἄγειν or ἄγεσθαι, ἐν οὐδεμιῇ μοίρῃ ἄ., περὶ πλείστου ἄ., Hdt.1.134, 2.172, 9.7, etc.; θεοὺς ἄ. to believe in, A.Supp. 924; διὰ τιμῆς ἄ. τινά, etc., Luc. Prom.Es4, etc.;

τὸ πρᾶγμ' ἄ... ὡς παρ' οὐδέν S.Ant.34

;

τὴν Ἀφροδίτην πρόσθ' ἄ. τοῦ Βακχίου E.Ba. 225

;

τιμιώτερον ἄ. τινά Th.8.81

;

εὐεργεσίας εἰς ἀχαριστίαν καὶ προπηλακισμὸν ἄ. D.18.316

:—with Adverbs,

δυσφόρως τοὔνειδος ἦγον S.OT 784

;

ἐντίμως ἄ. Pl.R. 528c

, etc.:—[voice] Pass.,

ἠγόμην δ' ἀνὴρ ἀστῶν μέγιστος S.OT 775

.

VI draw down in the scale, hence, weigh, ἄ. μνᾶν, τριακοσίους δαρεικούς, etc., weigh a mina, 300 darics, etc., D.22.76, 24.129, cf. Philippid.9.4, etc.;

ἄ. πλέον Arist.Pr. 931b15

;

ἄ. σταθμόν Plu.2.96b

.

VII on ἄγε, ἄγετε, v.s. vocc.

B [voice] Med. ἄγομαι, carry away for oneself,

χρυσόν τε καὶ ἄργυρον οἴκαδ' ἄγεσθαι Od.10.35

; take with one, 6.58, E.Heracl. 808, etc.; of a ship's cargo, D.35.20; take to oneself,

δῶρον Theoc.1.9

, cf. 11; take upon oneself,

ἄγεσθαι ἐς χεῖρας Hdt.1.126

, 4.79.

2 ἄγεσθαι γυναῖκα take to oneself a wife, Od.14.211;

γυναῖκα ἄ. ἐς τὰ οἰκία Hdt.1.59

, etc.;

ἄγεσθαί τινα ἐς δῶμα Hes.Th. 410

; simply ἄ. marry, Hdt.2.47, etc.: [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. ἦγμαι is used in this med. sense, J.AJ14.12.1; of the father, bring home a wife for his son, Od.4.10, Hdt.1.34; of a brother, Od.15.238; of friends of the bridegroom and bride, Od.6.28, Hes.Sc. 274: later in [voice] Pass. of the wife, PGnom. 138 (ii A.D.).

3 like [voice] Act., bring; διὰ στόμα ἄγεσθαι μῦθον bring through the mouth, i.e. utter, Il.14.91.

λαμβάνω (Hom.+) impf. ἐλάμβανον; fut. λήμψομαι (PTurin II, 3, 48; POxy 1664, 12; on the μ s. Mayser 194f; Thackeray 108ff; B-D-F §101; W-S. §5, 30; Mlt-H. 106; 246f; Reinhold 46f; WSchulze, Orthographica 1894.—On the middle s. B-D-F §77); 2 aor. ἔλαβον, impv. λάβε (B-D-F §101 p. 53 s.v. λαμβάνειν; W-S. §6, 7d; Mlt-H. 209 n. 1), impv. 3 pl. λαβέτωσαν (LXX; GJs 4:2); pf. εἴληφα (DRinge, Glotta 62, ’84, 125–28), 2 sing. εἴληφας and εἴληφες Rv 11:17 v.l. (W-S. §13, 16 note; Mlt-H. 221), ptc. εἰληφώς. Pass.: fut. 3 pl. ληφθήσονται Jdth 6:9; aor. εἰλήφθην LXX; pf. 3 sing. εἴληπται; plpf. 3 sg. εἴληπτο (Just., D. 132, 3). For Attic inscriptional forms s. Threatte II 645. In the following divisions, nos. 1–9 focus on an active role, whereas 10 suggests passivity.

① to get hold of someth. by laying hands on or grasping someth., directly or indirectly, take, take hold of, grasp, take in hand ἄρτον (Diod S 14, 105, 3 ῥάβδον; TestSol 2:8 D τὴν σφραγῖδα; TestJob 23:10 ψαλίδα) Mt 26:26a; Mk 14:22a; Ac 27:35. τ. βιβλίον (Tob 7:14) Rv 5:8f. τ. κάλαμον Mt 27:30. λαμπάδας take (in hand) (Strattis Com. [V B.C.], Fgm. 37 K. λαβόντες λαμπάδας) 25:1, 3. λαβέτωσαν ἀνὰ λαμπάδα GJs 7:2. μάχαιραν draw the sword (Gen 34:25; Jos., Vi. 173 [cp. JosAs 23:2 τὴν ῥομφαίαν]) Mt 26:52. Abs. λάβετε take (this) Mt 26:26b; Mk 14:22b.— Take hold of (me) GHb 356, 39=ISm 3:2.—ἔλαβέ με ἡ μήτηρ μου τὸ ἅγιον πνεῦμα ἐν μιᾷ τῶν τριχῶν μου my mother, the Holy Spirit, took me by one of my hairs GHb 20, 63. Ἐλισάβεδ … λαβουμένη (λαβοῦσα codd.) αὐτὸν ἀνέβη ἐν τῇ ὀρεινῇ E. took (John) and went up into the hill-country GJs 22:3. λαβών is somet. used somewhat pleonastically to enliven the narrative, as in Hom. (Od. 24, 398) and dramatists (Soph., Oed. R. 1391 et al.), but also in accord w. Hebr. usage (JViteau, Étude sur le Grec du NT 1893, 191; Dalman, Worte 16ff; Wlh., Einleitung² 1911, 14; B-D-F §419, 1 and 2; s. Rob. 1127; s., e.g., ApcBar 2:1 λαβών με ἤγαγε; Josh 2:4; Horapollo 2, 88 τούτους λαβὼν κατορύττει) Mt 13:31, 33; Mk 9:36; Lk 13:19, 21; J 12:3; Ac 9:25; 16:3; Hs 5, 2, 4. The ptc. can here be rendered by the prep. with (B-D-F §418, 5; Rob. 1127) λαβὼν τὴν σπεῖραν ἔρχεται he came with a detachment J 18:3 (cp. Soph., Trach. 259 στρατὸν λαβὼν ἔρχεται; ApcrEsd 6, 17 p. 31, 24 Tdf. λαβὼν … στρατιὰν ἀγγέλων). λαβὼν τὸ αἷμα … τὸν λαὸν ἐρράντισε with the blood he sprinkled the people Hb 9:19 (cp. ParJer 9:32 λαβόντες τὸν λίθον ἔθηκαν ἐπὶ τὸ μνῆμα αὐτοῦ ‘they crowned his tomb with a stone’; Mel., P. 14, 88 λαβόντες δὲ τὸ … αἶμα). Different is the periphrastic aor. ptc. use of λ. w. ἔχει: Dg 10:6 ἃ παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ λαβὼν ἔχει what the pers. has received fr. God (cp. Eur., Bacchae 302 μεταλαβὼν ἔχει; Goodwin §47; Gildersleeve, Syntax §295; Schwyzer I, 812). Freq. parataxis takes the place of the ptc. constr. (B-D-F §419, 5) ἔλαβε τὸν Ἰησοῦν καὶ ἐμαστίγωσεν (instead of λαβὼν τ. Ἰ. ἐ.) he had Jesus scourged J 19:1. λαβεῖν τὸν ἄρτον … καὶ βαλεῖν throw the bread Mt 15:26; Mk 7:27. ἔλαβον τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐποίησαν τέσσερα μέρη they divided his garments into four parts J 19:23.—In transf. sense ἀφορμὴν λ. find opportunity Ro 7:8, 11 (s. ἀφορμή); ὑπόδειγμα λ. take as an example Js 5:10; so also λ. alone, λάβωμεν Ἐνώχ 1 Cl 9:3.—Of the cross as a symbol of the martyr’s death take upon oneself Mt 10:38 (cp. Pind., P. 2, 93 [171] λ. ζυγόν). We may class here ἔλαβεν τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ he put his clothes on J 13:12 (cp. Hdt. 2, 37; 4, 78; GrBar 9:7 τὸν ὄφιν ἔλαβεν ἔνδυμα). Prob. sim. μορφὴν δούλου λ. put on the form of a slave Phil 2:7.—Of food and drink take (cp. Bel 37 Theod.) Mk 15:23. ὅτε ἔλαβεν τὸ ὄξος J 19:30; λαβὼν τροφὴν ἐνίσχυσεν Ac 9:19; τροφὴν … λα[βεῖν] AcPl Ha 1, 19. (βρέφος) ἔλαβε μασθὸν ἐκ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ Μαρίας (the infant) took the breast of his mother Mary GJs 19:2.—1 Ti 4:4 (s. 10b below) could also belong here.

② to take away, remove (τὴν ψυχήν ApcEsdr 6:16 p. 31, 23 Tdf.) with or without the use of force τὰ ἀργύρια take away the silver coins (fr. the temple) Mt 27:6. τὰς ἀσθενείας diseases 8:17. τὸν στέφανον Rv 3:11. τὴν εἰρήνην ἐκ τῆς γῆς remove peace from the earth 6:4 (λ. τι ἐκ as UPZ 125, 13 ὸ̔ εἴληφεν ἐξ οἴκου; 2 Ch 16:2; TestSol 4:15 D; TestAbr B 7 p. 111, 12 [Stone p. 70]; Mel., P. 55, 403).

③ to take into one’s possession, take, acquire τὶ someth. τὸν χιτῶνα Mt 5:40. οὐδὲ ἕν J 3:27. ἑαυτῷ βασιλείαν obtain kingly power for himself Lk 19:12 (cp. Jos., Ant. 13, 220). λ. γυναῖκα take a wife (Eur., Alc. 324; X., Cyr. 8, 4, 16; Gen 4:19; 6:2; Tob 1:9; TestSol 26:1; TestJob 45:3; ParJer 8:3; Jos., Ant. 1, 253; Just., D. 116, 3; 141, 4) Mk 12:19–21; 22 v.l.; Lk 20:28–31 (s. also the vv.ll. in 14:20 and 1 Cor 7:28). Of his life, that Jesus voluntarily gives up, in order to take possession of it again on his own authority J 10:18a. [ἀπολείπ]ετε τὸ σκότος, λάβεται τὸ φῶς [abandon] the darkness, seize the light AcPl Ha 8, 32. ἑαυτῷ τ. τιμὴν λ. take the honor upon oneself Hb 5:4.—Lay hands on, seize w. acc. of the pers. who is seized by force (Hom. et al.; LXX; mid. w. gen. Just., A II, 2, 10, D. 105, 3) Mt 21:35, 39; Mk 12:3, 8. Of an evil spirit that seizes the sick man Lk 9:39 (cp. PGM 7, 613 εἴλημπται ὑπὸ τοῦ δαίμονος; TestSol 17:2 εἰ λήμψομαί τινα, εὐθέως ἀναιρῶ αὐτὸν τῷ ξίφει; Jos., Ant. 4, 119 ὅταν ἡμᾶς τὸ τοῦ θεοῦ λάβῃ πνεῦμα; Just., A I, 18, 4 ψυχαῖς ἀποθανόντων λαμβανόμενοι).—Esp. of feelings, emotions seize, come upon τινά someone (Hom. et al.; Ex 15:15; Wsd 11:12; Jos., Ant. 2, 139; 14, 57) ἔκστασις ἔλαβεν ἅπαντας amazement seized (them) all Lk 5:26. φόβος 7:16. Sim. πειρασμὸς ὑμᾶς οὐκ εἴληφεν εἰ μὴ ἀνθρώπινος 1 Cor 10:13.—Of hunting and fishing: catch (X., Cyr. 1, 4, 9; Aelian, VH 4, 14) οὐδέν Lk 5:5=J 21:6 v.l. Fig. εἴ τις λαμβάνει (ὑμᾶς) if someone puts something over on you, takes advantage of you 2 Cor 11:20 (the exx. cited in Field, Notes, 184f refer to material plunder, whereas Paul appears to point to efforts of his opposition to control the Corinthians’ thinking for their own political purposes; also s. CLattey, JTS 44, ’43, 148); in related vein δόλῳ τινὰ λ. catch someone by a trick 12:16.

④ to take payment, receive, accept, of taxes, etc. collect the two-drachma tax Mt 17:24; tithes Hb 7:8f; portion of the fruit as rent Mt 21:34. τὶ ἀπό τινος someth. fr. someone (Plut., Mor. 209d, Aem. Paul. 5, 9) 17:25. παρὰ τῶν γεωργῶν λ. ἀπὸ τῶν καρπῶν collect a share of the fruit fr. the vinedressers Mk 12:2.—τὶ παρά τινος someth. fr. someone (Aristarch. Sam. p. 352, 4; Jos., Ant. 5, 275; Just., D. 22, 11; Tat. 19, 1) οὐ παρὰ ἀνθρώπου τὴν μαρτυρίαν λ. the testimony which I receive is not from a human being or I will not accept mere human testimony (PSI 395, 6 [241 B.C.] σύμβολον λαβὲ παρʼ αὐτῶν=have them give you a receipt) J 5:34; cp. vs. 44; 3:11, 32f.

⑤ to include in an experience, take up, receive τινὰ someone εἰς into (Wsd 8:18) lit. εἰς τὸ πλοῖον take someone (up) into the boat J 6:21. εἰς οἰκίαν receive someone into one’s house 2J 10. εἰς τὰ ἴδια into his own home J 19:27. Receive someone in the sense of recognizing the other’s authority J 1:12; 5:43ab; 13:20abcd.—οἱ ὑπηρέται ῥαπίσμασιν αὐτὸν ἔλαβον Mk 14:65 does not mean ‘the servants took him into custody with blows’ (BWeiss, al.), but is a colloquialism (s. B-D-F §198, 3, w. citation of AcJo 90 [Aa II 196, 1] τί εἰ ῥαπίσμασίν μοι ἔλαβες; ‘what if you had laid blows on me?’) the servants treated him to blows (Moffatt: ‘treated him to cuffs and slaps’), or even ‘got’ him w. blows, ‘worked him over’ (perh. a Latinism; Cicero, Tusc. 2, 14, 34 verberibus accipere. B-D-F §5, 3b; s. Rob. 530f); the v.l. ἔβαλον is the result of failure to recognize this rare usage. καλῶς ἔλαβόν σε; have (the young women) treated you well? Hs 9, 11, 8.

⑥ to make a choice, choose, select πᾶς ἀρχιερεὺς ἐξ ἀνθρώπων λαμβανόμενος who is chosen fr. among human beings Hb 5:1 (cp. Num 8:6; Am 2:11; Just., D. 130, 3). The emphasis is not on gender but the human status of the chief priest in contrast to that of the unique Messiah vs. 5.

⑦ to accept as true, receive τὶ someth. fig. τὰ ῥήματά τινος receive someone’s words (and use them as a guide) J 12:48; 17:8; AcPl Ha 1, 6 (s. καρδία 1bβ). τὸν λόγον receive the teaching Mt 13:20; Mk 4:16 (for μετὰ χαρᾶς λ. cp. PIand 13, 18 ἵνα μετὰ χαρᾶς σε ἀπολάβωμεν).

⑧ to enter into a close relationship, receive, make one’s own, apprehend/comprehend mentally or spiritually (Soph., Pla. et al.) of the mystical apprehension of Christ (opp. κατελήμφθην ὑπὸ Χριστοῦ) ἔλαβον (i.e. Χριστόν) I have made (him) my own Phil 3:12.

⑨ Special uses: the OT is the source of λαμβάνειν πρόσωπον show partiality/favoritism (s. πρόσωπον 1bα end) Lk 20:21; Gal 2:6; B 19:4; D 4:3.—θάρσος λ. take courage s. θάρσος; πεῖράν τινος λ. try someth. (Pla., Prot. 342a; 348a, Gorg. 448a; X., Cyr. 6, 1, 28; Polyb. 1, 75, 7; 2, 32, 5; 5, 100, 10; Aelian, VH 12, 22; Dt 28:56; Jos., Ant. 8, 166; diff. Dio Chrys. 50, 6) Hb 11:29 (this expr. has a different mng. in vs. 36; s. 10b below).—συμβούλιον λαμβάνειν consult (with someone), lit. ‘take counsel’, is a Latinism (consilium capere; s. B-D-F §5, 3b; Rob. 109) Mt 27:7; 28:12; w. ὅπως foll. 22:15; foll. by κατά τινος against someone and ὅπως 12:14; foll. by κατά τινος and ὥστε 27:1. οὐ λήψῃ βουλὴν πονηρὰν κατὰ τοῦ πλησίον σου D 2:6.

⑩ to be a receiver, receive, get, obtain

ⓐ abs. λαβών (of a hungry hog) when it has received someth. B 10:3. (Opp. αἰτεῖν, as Appian, Fgm. [I p. 532–36 Viereck-R.] 23 αἰτεῖτε καὶ λαμβάνετε; PGM 4, 2172) Mt 7:8; Lk 11:10; J 16:24. (Opp. διδόναι as Thu. 2, 97, 4 λαμβάνειν μᾶλλον ἢ διδόναι; Ael. Aristid. 34 p. 645 D.; Herm. Wr. 5, 10b; Philo, Deus Imm. 57; SibOr 3, 511) Mt 10:8; Ac 20:35; B 14:1; but in D 1:5 λ. rather has the ‘active’ sense accept a donation (as ἵνα λάβῃ ἐξουσίαν TestJob 8:2).

ⓑ w. acc. of thing τὶ someth. (Da 2:6; OdeSol 11:4 σύνεσιν; TestJob 24:9 τρεῖς ἄρτους al.; ApcEsdr 5:13 p. 30, 11 Tdf. τὴν ψυχήν) τὸ ψωμίον receive the piece of bread J 13:30. ὕδωρ ζωῆς δωρεάν water of life without cost Rv 22:17. μισθόν (q.v. 1 and 2a) Mt 10:41ab; J 4:36; 1 Cor 3:8, 14; AcPlCor 2:36 (TestSol 1:2, 10). Money: ἀργύρια Mt 28:15; ἀνὰ δηνάριον a denarius each Mt 20:9f. ἐλεημοσύνην Ac 3:3. βραχύ τι a little or a bite J 6:7; eternal life Mk 10:30 (Jos., C. Ap. 2, 218 βίον ἀμείνω λαβεῖν); the Spirit (schol. on Plato 856e ἄνωθεν λαμβάνειν τὸ πνεῦμα) J 7:39; Ac 2:38; cp. Gal 3:14; 1 Cor 2:12; 2 Cor 11:4; forgiveness of sin Ac 10:43 (Just., D. 54, 1); grace Ro 1:5; cp. 5:17; the victor’s prize 1 Cor 9:24f; the crown of life Js 1:12 (cp. Wsd 5:16 λ. τὸ διάδημα). συμφύγιον/σύμφυτον καὶ ὅπλον εὐδοκίας λάβωμεν Ἰησοῦν χριστόν the sense of this clause, restored from AcPl Ha 8, 23–24 and AcPl Ox 1602, 33–35 (=BMM recto 29–31) emerges as follows: and let us take Jesus Christ as our refuge/ally and shield, the assurance of God’s goodwill toward us. The early and late rain Js 5:7. ἔλεος receive mercy Hb 4:16 (Just., D. 133, 1). λ. τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ υἱοῦ (θεοῦ) receive the name of the Son of God (in baptism) Hs 9, 12, 4. διάδοχον receive a successor Ac 24:27 (cp. Pliny the Younger, Ep. 9, 13 successorem accipio). τὴν ἐπισκοπὴν αὐτοῦ λαβέτω ἕτερος let another man receive his position 1:20 (Ps 108:8). τόπον ἀπολογίας λ. (τόπος 4) 25:16. λ. τι μετὰ εὐχαριστίας receive someth. w. thankfulness 1 Ti 4:4 (but s. 1 above, end.—On the construction with μετά cp. Libanius, Or. 63 p. 392, 3 F. μετὰ ψόγου λ.). τί ἔχεις ὅ οὐκ ἔλαβες; what have you that you did not receive? 1 Cor 4:7 (Alciphron 2, 6, 1 τί οὐ τῶν ἐμῶν λαβοῦσα ἔχεις;). Of punishments (cp. δίκην λ. Hdt. 1, 115; Eur., Bacch. 1312. ποινάς Eur., Tro. 360. πληγάς Philyllius Com. [V B.C.] 11 K.; GrBar 4:15 καταδίκην; Jos., Ant. 14, 336 τιμωρίαν) λ. περισσότερον κρίμα receive a punishment that is just so much more severe Mt 23:13 [14] v.l. (cp. κρίμα 4b); Mk 12:40; Lk 20:47; cp. Js 3:1. οἱ ἀνθεστηκότες ἑαυτοῖς κρίμα λήμψονται those who oppose will bring punishment upon themselves Ro 13:2. πεῖράν τινος λ. become acquainted with, experience, suffer someth. (X., An. 5, 8, 15; Polyb. 6, 3, 1; 28, 9, 7; 29, 3, 10; Diod S 12, 24, 4 τὴν θυγατέρα ἀπέκτεινεν, ἵνα μὴ τῆς ὕβρεως λάβῃ πεῖραν; 15, 88, 4; Jos., Ant. 2, 60; Preisigke, Griech. Urkunden des ägypt. Museums zu Kairo [1911] 2, 11; 3, 11 πεῖραν λ. δαίμονος) μαστίγων πεῖραν λ. Hb 11:36 (the phrase in a diff. mng. vs. 29; s. 9b above).

ⓒ Also used as a periphrasis for the passive: οἰκοδομὴν λ. be edified 1 Cor 14:5. περιτομήν be circumcised J 7:23 (Just., D. 23, 5 al.). τὸ χάραγμα receive a mark = be marked Rv 14:9, 11; 19:20; 20:4. καταλλαγήν be reconciled Ro 5:11. ὑπόμνησίν τινος be reminded of = remember someth. 2 Ti 1:5 (Just., D 19, 6 μνήμην λαμβάνητε); λήθην τινὸς λ. forget someth. (Timocles Com. [IV B.C.], Fgm. 6, 5 K.; Aelian, VH 3, 18 end, HA 4, 35; Jos., Ant. 2, 163; 202; 4, 304; Just., D. 46, 5 ἵνα μὴ λήθη ὑμᾶς λαμβάνῃ τοῦ θεοῦ) 2 Pt 1:9; χαρὰν λ. experience joy, rejoice Hv 3, 13, 2 ; GJs 12:2; ἀρχὴν λ. be begun, have its beginning (Pla et al.; Polyb. 1, 12, 9; Sext. Emp., Phys. 1, 366; Aelian, VH 2, 28; 12, 53; Dio Chrys. 40, 7; Philo, Mos. 1, 81 τρίτον [σημεῖον] … τὴν ἀρχὴν τοῦ γίνεσθαι λαβὸν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ; Just., D. 46, 4 τὴν ἀρχὴν λαβούσης ἀπὸ Ἀβραὰμ τῆς περιτομῆς; Ath. 19, 2 ἑτέραν ἀρχὴν τοῦ κόσμου λαβόντος) Hb 2:3; ApcPt Rainer ln. 19.—λ. τι ἀπό τινος receive someth. from someone (Epict. 4, 11, 3 λ. τι ἀπὸ τῶν θεῶν; Herm. Wr. 1, 30; ApcMos 19 ὅτε δὲ ἔλαβεν ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ τὸν ὄρκον; Just., D. 78, 10 τῶν λαβόντων χάριν ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ) 1J 2:27; 3:22. Also τὶ παρά τινος (Pisander Epicus [VI B.C.] Fgm. 5 [in Athen. 11, 469d]; Diod S 5, 3, 4 λαβεῖν τι παρὰ τῶν θεῶν; TestAbr A 5 p. 82, 8 [Stone p. 12] λαβὼν τὴν εὐχὴν παρʼ αὐτῶν; Just., A I, 60, 3 ἐνέργειαν τὴν παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ λεγομένην λαβεῖν τὸν Μωυσέα.—παρά A3aβ) J 10:18b; Ac 2:33; 3:5; 20:24; Js 1:7; 2J 4; Rv 2:28. λ. τὸ ἱκανὸν παρὰ τοῦ Ἰάσονος receive bail from Jason Ac 17:9 (s. ἱκανός 1). λ. τι ὑπό τινος be given someth. by someone 2 Cor 11:24. κλῆρον καὶ μερισμὸν λαμβάνοντες AcPl Ha 8, 18/Ox 1602, 22f [λαβόντες]=BMM recto 23f (s. κλῆρος 2). λ. τι ἔκ τινος receive someth. fr. a quantity of someth.: ἐκ τοῦ πληρώματος αὐτοῦ ἐλάβομεν χάριν from his fullness we have received favor J 1:16. ἐκ τοῦ πνεύματος αὐτοῦ ἐλάβετε Hs 9, 24, 4.—λ. ἐξ ἀναστάσεως τοὺς νεκροὺς αὐτῶν (s. ἀνάστασις 2a) Hb 11:35. On ἐν γαστρὶ εἴληφα (LXX) GJs 4:2 and 4 s. γαστήρ 2 and συλλαμβάνω 3.—B. 743. Schmidt, Syn. III 203–33. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

παραλαμβάνω (Cret. [full] παλλαμβάνω Riv.Fil.58.472 (Gortyn, iii B.C.)), [tense] fut. - λήψομαι, [dialect] Ion.

A

- λάμψομαι Hdt.2.120

:— receive from another, esp. of persons succeeding to an office, etc., [ τὴν βασιληΐην] Hdt.l.c., cf. Th.1.9 ;

τὴν βασιλείαν παρὰ τοῦ πατρός OGI90.1

(Rosetta, ii B.C.); τοῖς παραλαμβάνουσι (sc. τὴν βασιλείαν ) the successors, Arist.Pol. 1285b8 ;

π. τὴν ἀρχήν Pl.Lg. 698e

;

τῆς πόλεως τὰ πράγματα Ar.Ec. 107

;

τὴν ἐπιμέλειάν τινος Aeschin.1.143

;

τὴν τριηραρχίαν D.47.32

;

π. πόλιν ἀνάστατον And.1.108

, cf. Th.1.9, etc.; νόμον ὄντα παραλαβόντες, opp. θέντες, Id.5.105, cf. Isoc.8.102 ; of inherited rites or customs, Hdt.2.51 ; of persons succeeding by inheritance, E. Ion 814, Lys. 10.5, etc. ;

οἱ μὴ κτησάμενοι ἀλλὰ -λαβόντες τὴν οὐσίαν Arist.EN 1120b12

; παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς πολλὴν οὐσίαν π. D.21.157 ; opp. ἐπικτᾶσθαι, Pl.R. 330a ; π. ἀράς inherit curses, E.Ph. 1611 ; of officers, receive things as stated in an inventory from their predecessors, IG12.301.5, al.;

τὰ μὲν παρειληφότα τὰ δ' αὐτὸν εὑρηκότα Isoc.15.208

: Astrol., take over, [ χρονοκρατορίαν] Vett.Val.171.16 : generally, receive,

ἔρια παραλαβοῦσα ἱμάτιον ἀποδεῖξαι X.Oec.7.6

; of cargo, POxy.276.13 (i A.D.), etc.

2 take upon oneself, undertake,

πρᾶγμά τι Ar.Eq. 345

; τὰ παραλαμβανόμενα undertakings, Hdt.1.38 ; take to oneself, admit, employ,

π. ἐν ταῖς μάχαις τὸν θυμόν Plu.2.988e

:—[voice] Pass., π. πρὸς τὴν σύστασιν τῆς ψυχῆς ib.1027d.

3 take in pledge, Hdt.3.136 ; take by force or treachery, seize,

οὐδὲν ἐδυνέατο π. τῆς ἐσόδου Id.7.211

;

ναῦς παραλαβόντες Th.1.19

, 4.16, And.3.39 ; π. τὰ πράγματα get control of affairs, Plu.Alc.26 :—in [voice] Med., lay hold of,

ἄκρων τῶν χειρῶν Paus.6.4.1

(s.v.l.).

4 receive by hearing or report, ascertain,

παρὰ τῶν Αἰγυπτίων Hdt.2.19

;

π. ἀληθείην Id.1.55

;

π. ἀκοῇ Id.2.148

;

π. τὰ περὶ Ἀλκμέωνα Th.2.102

;

τι περί τινος Plb.12.22.5

; receive by way of lesson,

σοφίαν παρά τινος Pl.La. 197d

:—[voice] Pass., to be received, accepted, τὰ παρειλημμένα the received or traditionary doctrines, Arist.Mete. 365a16 ;

οἱ π. μῦθοι Id.Po. 1453b22

;

[λόγοι] ἔνιοι π. ὡς Ἀριστογείτονος Plu.2.850e

.

5 take, receive, or use as a substitute or equivalent, τὸν ἀριθμὸν ἀντὶ τοῦ νοῦ π. Placit.4.2.3:—[voice] Pass.,

ὑμέτερον ἀντὶ τοῦ ὑμεῖς παρείληπται D.H.Amm.2.14

.

b Gramm. and Medic., simply, use, employ, D.H.Comp.25 ;

εἰς λόγον A.D.Synt.250.3

; θλῖψιν, βοηθήματα, Antyll. ap. Orib.8.6.37,8.10.1 ([voice] Pass.):—freq. in [voice] Pass., to be found, used, D.H.Comp.14, 17, A.D.Synt.83.2,al.; π. ἐκ κοινοῦ, δεικτικῶς, ib.123.1, Pron.10.17.

c admit,

ἡ ὅλη ὑπόθεσις τὸ ἓν εἶναι παρελάμβανεν Dam.Pr. 417

.

6 take up, catch up,

τὸ οὔνομα τοῦτο Hdt. 1.122

, cf. 126 ;

τὸν λόγον Plb.33.18.9

; π. ἐπὶ βραχύ give a résumé of, Id.6.58.1.

7 compare, Porph.in Cat.97.8 ([voice] Pass.).

8 [voice] Pass., to be derived, ἔκ τινος v.l. in A.D.Pron.32.16.

II c. acc. pers., take to oneself, associate with oneself, as a wife or mistress, Hdt.4.155 ; as an adopted son, Id.1.113 ; as a partner, auxiliary, or ally, ib.76, 7.150, Th.1.111, etc.;

παραλαμβάνων ἄλλος ἄλλον ἐπ' ἄλλου.. χρείᾳ Pl.R. 369b

; συμβούλους π. Arist.EN 1112b10 ; get control of, Pl.Ap. 18b, R. 460b, 541a, Alc.1.121e ; μάρτυρας π. call in witnesses, D.47.67 : c.inf.,

τὴν αἴσθησιν ὑπουργεῖν Jul.Or.8.248a

.

2 invite,

ἐπὶ ξείνια Hdt.4.154

;

παραληφθεὶς ἐπὶ δεῖπνον Alciphr.3.46

;

ἐφ' ἑστίασιν παρειλημμένος Plu.2.40b

;

παραληφθεὶς εἰς τὸ συσσίτιον Id.Lyc.20

: abs., Id.2.461d ; παραληφθῆναι πρός τινα Parmenisc. ap. Ath.4.156e.

3 receive, take over in succession, Hdt.4.203 ;

Λυκοῦργος π. τοὺς Σπαρτιάτας οἴκοι σκηνοῦντας X.Lac.5.2

.

4 take prisoner, Plb.3.69.2 ([voice] Pass.).

5 of the dead,

παραλημφθεὶς ὑπὸ θεῶν καταχθονίων IG14.1702

.

μωλύω or [full] μωλύνω,

A boil imperfectly, parboil, scald, simmer,

πάσχει ὅπερ ἐν τοῖς ἑψομένοις τὰ μωλυνόμενα Arist.GA 776a1

( μολυν- codd.);

σκληρότερα μὲν τὰ μεμωλυσμένα γίγνεται τῶν ἑφθῶν Id.Mete. 381a21

(v.l. μεμολ-); of a herb, μωλυθεῖσα πυρὶ σμαλερῷ Poet.deherb. 101, cf. 138; of half-roasted meat, [

κρέα] πρὸς ὀλίγον τῷ πυρὶ μεμωλυσμένα Hld.2.19

( μεμολ- codd.).

II of ulcers, 'go off the boil', fail to come to a head, subside, fade away,

σκληρὰ καὶ ἄπεπτα πάντα ἐμωλύνθη Hp. Epid.7.3

(v.l. ἐμολ-) ; συνελειαίνετο (v.l. ἐπεχλιαίνετο) ταῦτα, καὶ ἐμωλύνθη (v.l. κατεμωλύθη) καὶ οὐκ ἀπεπύησεν ib.2.2.6 ( = ἠφανίσθη καὶ κατὰ βραχὺ ἀπεμαράνθη· οὕτως γὰρ καλεῖ τὸ τῆς ὀξείας κινήσεως καὶ μεταβολῆς παυσάμενον καὶ ἀποψυχθέν, Gal.17(1).328); μωλυόμενα· κατὰ βραχὺ ἀπομαραινόμενα, Hp. ap. Gal.19.124; μεμωλυσμένους (- μολ- codd.)· ἔνιοι μὲν τοὺς κατεψυγμένους, ἔνιοι δὲ τοὺς ἐσκιρρωμένους καὶ λιθώδεις ᾠήθησαν, Gal.19.121; of certain diseases, κατὰ τὴν ἀρχὴν ὑποβρύχιά τε καὶ μωλυνόμενα ( μολ- codd.) φαίνεται latent and ' simmering', Id.9.898; cf. μεμολυσμένως.

2 relax, μεμωλυσμένη· παρειμένη, Hsch. s.v. μῶλυς; μωλύεται· γηράσκει, Id.; μωλύειν· τὸ ἐκλύειν καὶ διέλκειν καὶ μαραίνειν, Phryn.PSp.89 B.; μωλύον κρέας· τὸ ἠρέμα διαχεόμενον καὶ μὴ συνεστός, ibid.; δι' οὗ μωλύονται αἱ ὁρμαὶ καὶ τὰ πάθη, as expl. of μῶλυ, Cleanth. ap. Apollon.Lex. s.v. μῶλυ.

III also of ulcers, become septic, ἢν ἕλκος γένηται.., καὶ μὴ ταχὺ ὑγιανθῇ ἀλλὰ μωλυνθῇ ( μολυνθῇ codd., quod fort. legend.) Hp.Steril.213.

IV f.l. for μολεύειν (q.v.) in Thphr.HP2.2.2. ( μωλ- confirmed by the metre in Poet.de herb. ll.cc., and by Cleanth. l.c.; prob. derived from μῶλυς, cf. Demetr.Lac.Herc.1014.58.)